Understanding the Basic Web Terminologies
Websites are becoming a new platform of communication in today’s world and every business, small or medium or large. Not everybody needs to know or understand the back end of Internet or website. However, if you are planning to have a website built for your company or online portfolio as an artist, painter, it is very much necessary to understand some of the basic web terminologies. You do not need be an expert just have some basic knowledge so when the web designer explains something to you understand. In this discussion, some of the important web terminologies have been explained in short and it can be of immense use to those who have either built a website or are planning to make one.
Domain refers to the local sub network or descriptors for the websites on the Internet. On the Local Area Network, the domain is the subnetwork which is made up of group of servers and clients under one Central security database control. The users can authenticate to the centralized server rather than authenticating to the individual services and servers within the domain known as domain controller. The individual services and servers will accept user based on the domain controller approval.
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The DNS – Domain Name System helps in locating the Internet domain names and translating into the Internet Protocol addresses. The domain name is usually very easy for handling and remembering for Internet address.
The duty of Web host is to store the web sites. A web site, domain name and web hosting account are necessary to put the website created on the Internet. It works by the domain name pointing to the server of web hosting where the site is being housed physically.
The Name servers help in resolving any special process in which the domain name is taken to match the website and also to obtain physical address. When the visitor enters the website, the resolving process begins and the visitor is expected to enter the domain name in the Internet browser. The Internet browser will then search for the name servers about server location to find where the website is being located. Then to open the web page it will connect to the server. The entire process will be similar like looking through phone book.
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The FTP – File Transfer Protocol is the Internet protocol, which transmits files between the computers on the Internet. The FTP uses TCP/IP protocols of Internet and this is an application protocol like Hypertext Transfer Protocol, Simple Mail Transfer Protocol that transfers web pages, files, e-mail. FTP is mainly used for transferring the files of web page from creator to computer. The
SFTP is a program, which uses SSH for transferring files. This program will encrypt data and commands. This is similar to FTP functionally but it is not possible to use a standard FTP client for talking to SFTP server, as it uses a different protocol. SFTP can be used with command line or graphical SFTP client.
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HTML/XHTML is referred to the semantics of language. Both HTML and XHTML will assign same semantics to the attributes and elements. XHTML has got wide similarities with HTML since both have hailed from a common language named SGML. It is also known that XHTML has much been derived from XML and the latter is a scripting language having very strict grammar rules, even stricter than HTML. The main difference between HTML and XHTML is that the latter uses a new MIME TYPE and has got addition of some syntax rules. If an user is conversant of using HTML, then he can also learn XHTML quite easily. A valid XHTML document is of three types. They are Transitional, strict and frameset.
The Server Side languages are the code particularly meant for running on the server and it holds the content of the page. The biggest thing about server side language is that irrespective of the fact what software are being used by the visitors to visit the website, every bit of difficult work will be done on the webserver itself. There is no need to worry about the browser which the visitor is using and the plug ins they have got. The most practical and widely used server side language is the Perl and it is considered to be very much able of running the website. The widely used language PHP is nothing but a copybook of Perl.
Where as, the client side language is run on the user’s computer to view the content. The Server side languages are very powerful, as they do not rely on unknown system capabilities. Hence, it is required for the visitors to have right browser software to run the client side language.
HTML is the most popular client side language, followed by Javascript. Though HTML has become very popular over the years, javascript has developed a habit of working differently on different browsers. So, while making a website, just make it sure that the users who cannot open JavaScript on their browsers can also view your website.
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The htaccess file helps to make changes in configuration on the pre- directory basis. Unless there is an access to main server file for configuration, the htaccess files cannot be used. When an address is typed in the address bar of the computer, the computer may receive the file which is displayed by the browser. The role of the web server is to control which file needs to be displayed and in what way. IIS and Apache are two such most popular servers.
But it is very difficult to change the Apache configuration and you can modify some of the configuration files which are affecting your website. One such file is known as .htaccess. It is not possible for a web user to access this file from the browser. If the .htaccess file is situated in the root directory of the server, it can affect the entire server but not those directories where the .htaccess files are stored.
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The MySQL database is useful to power E-commerce, Web, and Online Transaction Processing applications. This is the completely integrated ACID compliant database. It is basically an application that is open sourced and is popular for use in the back end for websites. Though it is used mainly in combination with the PHP scripting language, it is also compatible with any programming language that is able to support ODBC. A very important feature of MySQL is that a very large number of storage engines with different features are supported by it. Another major advantage of MySQL server is that it has got a large number of command line tools and it helps to administer the server to a great extent.
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